Intumescent coatings are a type of fire protection material that expands when exposed to high temperatures, creating a protective layer that insulates the underlying material. This technology is widely used in the construction industry to protect steel and other structural materials from the devastating effects of fire. This is particularly important for steel structures, as steel can lose its structural integrity in high-temperature conditions, making it more susceptible to collapse during a fire. 

What is an Intumescent Coating and how does it work?

Intumescent coatings work through a chemical reaction when exposed to high temperatures. The heat causes the coating to expand and create a foam-like layer that insulates the steel from the high temperatures of the fire and develops a protective crust known as char. This protective layer reduces the rate of temperature rise, providing additional time for evacuation and firefighting efforts. The coating also protects the steel from direct exposure to the fire, preventing it from losing its structural integrity and collapsing. 

What are the UK regulations? 

The UK has a number of regulations that govern the use of intumescent coatings in construction. These regulations are designed to ensure that buildings are safe and comply with fire safety standards. The Building Regulations Approved Document B outlines the requirements for fire safety in buildings, including the use of intumescent coatings. 

According to the regulations, intumescent coatings must be applied to all steel structures in buildings that are over 18 meters in height. This includes beams, columns, and other steel elements that are critical to the structural integrity of the building. The coatings must meet certain standards for fire resistance and must be tested and certified by a third-party organization. 

Why Is It Important? 

 Steels can start to lose their structural strength from about 500oC (depending on size) and guideline work on an average of 550oC. As the steel loses its structural capability, this can cause buildings to collapse presenting a risk to life and surrounding buildings.In addition to protecting the safety of occupants, intumescent coatings also have economic benefits. By protecting the structural integrity of the steel, they can reduce the need for costly repairs and replacement after a fire. They can also help to reduce insurance premiums, as they are recognised as an effective fire protection measure by insurers. 

Conclusion 

Intumescent coatings are a critical component of fire protection in the construction industry. They work by creating a foam-like layer that insulates the underlying material from the high temperatures of a fire, reducing the rate of temperature rise and providing additional time for evacuation and firefighting efforts. Intumescent coatings are widely used in the construction industry and are subject to regulations that ensure they meet safety standards. Compliance with these regulations is essential for ensuring the safety of occupants and protecting property from the devastating effects of fire. In addition to providing safety benefits, intumescent coatings also have economic benefits, reducing the need for costly repairs and replacement after a fire and potentially reducing insurance premiums. 

Here at FCS, we can conduct surveys on new builds or current properties to ensure that the passive fire safety measures you have in place, including intumescent coatings, meet or exceed the current regulations to keep your building, people and visitors safe.  
 

If you would like to know more then please contact us for more information.